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塑造了“国民男神”达西先生的简·奥斯汀,竟然是鸡汤教母!她笔下这些人物你最爱谁?

2017-07-19 双语君 中国日报双语新闻


1817年7月18日,那个写出了《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice)的女作家走了。


她一生只出版了6部小说,却部部经典,世代传颂。


她终生未嫁,却用一生在书写爱情和人生。


她就是简·奥斯汀(Jane Austen),昨天是她逝世200周年的纪念日。



和很多小鲜肉的粉丝一样,奥斯汀的崇拜者和书迷们也有自己的名字,叫"简迷“(Janeites)。


纪念日那天,她们穿上摄政时期的礼服,来纪念简·奥斯汀,看她们的礼帽和阳伞,是不是有一种穿越的感觉呢?



简迷们穿着摄政时期的服饰,手持印有简·奥斯汀头像的钞票进行纪念


英国《泰晤士报》也在她逝世200周年后发表讣告(obituary)来纪念这位作家,这是非常罕见的。



除此之外,英国各地的人们也举行了各种纪念活动。


比如在简·奥斯汀的故乡史蒂文顿(Steventon)附近的贝辛斯托克揭幕她的等身铜像。




铜像将会矗立在小镇市场的位置,据说,当年奥斯汀经常参加那里的集会,她小说中一些情节便是来源于此。


Local artist Adam Roud designed the statue, which will be placed in the town’s Market Place — where Austen regularly attended social gatherings thought to have inspired scenes in her novels.

该铜像是由当地艺术家亚当·劳德设计的,矗立在小镇的市场上。奥斯汀生前经常参加当地的联谊会,据说这成为她小说场景的灵感来源。



英国温彻斯特大教堂(Winchester Cathedral)还于7月18日举行了纪念仪式。



温彻斯特大教堂


简·奥斯汀就在此长眠。


温彻斯特大教堂中简·奥斯汀的纪念碑


大教堂的纪念活动非常特别,参与者将会重走为简·奥斯汀送葬之路,从她家走到教堂。


On Monday, participants are invited to retrace Austen’s funeral procession, from her home on Jane Austen street to the cathedral. 

17日,活动参加者受邀重走简·奥斯汀送葬路程,这条路从她在简·奥斯汀路的家一直到教堂。


纪念活动现场


奥斯汀去世时仅41岁,因此,在重走送葬路的过程中,教堂的钟会敲响41下,纪念她短暂而绚烂的一生。


此外,英格兰银行还正式发行了第一张印有奥斯汀肖像的10英镑塑料钞票。


The Bank of England has unveiled its first plastic 10 pound note, which features 19th century British novelist Jane Austen and will be available to the public from September.

英格兰银行发行了第一张印有19世纪英国小说家简·奥斯汀肖像的10英镑塑料钞票,并将于9月在市面流通。



这张钞票的面世标志着简·奥斯汀成为除英国女王之外,目前唯一一位被印在英国钞票上的女性。



不过,这张钞票却被吐槽坏了。首先遭吐槽的是钞票上简·奥斯汀的照片。


一位牛津大学的研究员说,与奥斯汀姐姐卡桑德拉给她的画像对比来看,钞票上的简·奥斯汀像是“一个长着小鹿眼的布娃娃”(a pretty doll with big doe eyes)。


姐姐卡桑德拉给奥斯汀的画像(左)和钞票上的简·奥斯汀肖像


他还补刀说,钞票上的画像就像是“美过容”……


Oxford University fellow Dr Paula Byrne said the 1870 image was a "makeover" of an earlier portrait composed by the novelist's sister Cassandra.

牛津大学研究员保拉·布莱恩博士表示,这张1870年的肖像就像给奥斯汀姐姐卡桑德拉早先为其画的肖像“美了容一样”。


他表示,这么一“美化”,把奥斯汀的智商和高度全都美化没了!



这位研究员说的“画像”就是下面这幅了。


奥斯汀·卡桑德拉为简·奥斯汀用铅笔盒水彩画的肖像


这是目前已知唯一一幅真实的原版奥斯丁肖像,是由简·奥斯汀的姐姐卡桑德拉·奥斯汀(Cassandra Austen)所画的铅笔素描,陈列在伦敦国家肖像馆里。


此外,钞票上引用奥斯汀的一句名言也成为了简迷吐槽的重灾区。


在肖像下方,钞票上引述了《傲慢与偏见》里宾利小姐(Miss Bingley)的一句话:


I declare after all there is no enjoyment like reading!

我说呀,什么娱乐也比不上阅读的乐趣!


要知道,宾利先生的妹妹卡洛琳·宾利在《傲慢与偏见》中可是个反派,她仗着自己出身显赫,对女主人公百般刁难。



这样一来,简迷能乐意嘛……


感受一下网友们的吐槽:


@Omar Moore:亲爱的英格兰银行啊,为啥你要用这句引语来对简·奥斯汀不敬呢?说这句话的角色太可恶了,她根本不看重阅读。品味太差


@Alice Banks:无论10英镑钞票上的名言是谁选的,他显然没读过《傲慢与偏见》



为何两个世纪过去,人们对奥斯汀仍旧迷恋?不妨来看看她曾经塑造过的那些经典角色吧!


简·奥斯汀笔下的人物无数,个个都鲜活、有趣。相信每个读过奥斯汀的人都会爱上她写的一两个角色。



《每日电讯报》盘点了奥斯汀创作的最伟大的50个角色,我们来看看其中最受欢迎的前五个角色,有没有你的最爱。


No ❺


 Mr. Knightley - Emma

奈特利先生丨《爱玛》



One of the few characters to call Emma out on her misbehaviour, Mr. Knightley is something of a dreamboat: enormously wealthy and cultured, at one with nature, and, it is implied, very good-looking. 

奈特利先生是少数几个会提醒爱玛注意自己行为的角色。他可算得一个完美的梦中情人了:超级有钱、有文化、热爱大自然,而且文中还暗示了,长得特别帅。



As per almost every romantic comedy in existence, Emma spends most of the novel refusing to acknowledge just how compatible she and Mr Knightley are, until she "realises" that he's planning to marry someone else.

就像所有的爱情喜剧一样,整部小说的大部分时间里,爱玛都在拒绝承认自己和奈特利先生有多么登对,直到她“意识到”对方计划与别人结婚了才醒悟过来。



Of course, Mr. Knightley also takes some time to voice his romantic feelings for Emma, but that's a bit more understandable considering her rather trying personality.

当然,奈特利先生也花了相当长的时间才将自己对爱玛的爱慕之情说出口。不过,考虑到爱玛那考验人的性格,这也是可以理解的。



No ❹


Mr. Darcy - Pride and Prejudice

达西先生丨《傲慢与偏见》



Mr Darcy is not just the greatest romantic hero in all of Austen, but among the greatest in all literature. Mr Darcy begins the novel as a haughty, cold, sneering gentleman who finds little to tempt his eye in the countryside around Netherfield Park.

达西先生不仅是奥斯汀笔下塑造得最出色的爱情男主角,也是文学史上最伟大的角色之一。在小说开始时,达西先生是一个高傲、冷漠、将讥讽挂在脸上的绅士,他对于尼日斐花园的乡下生活兴致索然。



But in spite of himself, he finds himself falling in love with the quick-witted and beautiful Lizzy Bennet, even if their journey towards being together is beset by obstacles largely placed in the way by their families.

然而他却不由自主地爱上了那个机智、聪慧又美丽的伊丽莎白·班纳特。而且情路艰辛,双方家庭制造了不少障碍,让有情人难以相爱。



Darcy’s transformation from proud and prejudiced to generous, loving and humble through his love for Lizzy is redemptive and heartwarming. He is also extremely rich, which helps.

达西先生因为爱上伊丽莎白,整个人的性情从傲慢、偏激转变为慷慨、深情和谦逊,这个过程充满了救赎意味,暖人心扉。而且,他还是个高富帅,谁能不爱!



来回顾一下Colin Firth版《傲慢与偏见》中,达西先生向伊丽莎白求婚,却遭无情拒绝的经典片段:


https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=v05276rgd51&width=500&height=375&auto=0



No ❸


Elinor Dashwood - Sense and Sensibility

埃莉诺·达什伍德丨《理智与情感》



Poor Elinor goes through a pretty rubbish time in Sense and Sensibility - and, unlike her passionate younger sister, manages to quietly endure it all without going into emotional paroxysms/developing a life-threatening illness (so much drama, Marianne).

可怜的埃莉诺在《理智与情感》里经历了各种倒霉催的事情,而她总是默默隐忍,不像她的妹妹玛丽安,一会儿情绪崩溃,一会儿的生个重病(玛丽安的戏太足,太能闹腾)。



She's a pro at biting her tongue and smoothing things over while secretly seething on the inside: skills which all of us must develop as we grow older, like it or not.

她习惯于咬着牙把一切处理妥当,尽管内心早已要沸腾爆发。不管你喜欢与否,这个技能都是我们长大以后必须掌握的。



The thing that makes the character so likable, as opposed to just plain virtuous and cold, is that, through Austen's writing, we are able to vicariously feel every sting, slight and soul-crushing blow she endures.

然而这个角色却如此让人喜爱,没有变成一朵冷漠高洁的白莲花,原因就在于奥斯汀的功力,我们读着她的文字,就会对埃莉诺承受每一份刺痛、冷落和击垮灵魂的打击都感同身受。


来欣赏李安版《理智与情感》中的姐妹两的一段精彩对话:


https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=g0197ve7tap&width=500&height=375&auto=0



No ❷


Elizabeth Bennet - Pride and Prejudice

伊丽莎白·班纳特丨《傲慢与偏见》



The heroine of Pride and Prejudice is one of Jane Austen’s most famous and best loved characters. The second eldest of five daughters, with passions for reading and walking in the countryside as well as dancing and laughing, Lizzy Bennett is wise, witty, fun-loving, beautiful and kind.

《傲慢与偏见》的这位女主角是简·奥斯汀笔下最家喻户晓、最受人喜爱的人物。伊丽莎白·班纳特是五姐妹中的老二,她热爱阅读,喜欢在乡间散步,还爱跳舞、爱笑,集聪慧、机智、风趣、美貌和善良于一身。



She is also determined to marry for love, and initially disgusted by the sneering attitude of one Mr Darcy, new to the parish, and his unpleasant attitude towards her relatives.

她一心要嫁给爱情。一开始,她对那位初到教区的达西先生是极其厌恶的,她讨厌他的冷嘲热讽和他对自己家人的轻蔑态度。



We all know by now what happens next between the two, but Lizzy’s journey through her own pride and prejudice towards the realisation that she truly loves Darcy is one of the greatest love stories in all of literature.

我们现在都知道后来两人之间发生了什么。伊丽莎白逐渐走出自己的傲慢与偏见,最终意识到自己深爱着达西先生,正是这个过程,成就了文学史上最伟大的爱情故事之一。




No ❶


Emma Woodhouse - Emma

爱玛·伍德豪斯丨《爱玛》



When Austen began writing Emma, she said, "I am going to take a heroine whom no one but myself will much like." That proved to be prescient. Emma’s meddling in other people’s love lives throughout the eponymous novel - she fancies herself as a master matchmaker, but invariably for much of the book her schemes lead to disaster - can be utterly infuriating. 

当奥斯汀开始写《爱玛》的时候,她说:“我要创造一个除了我以外没有其他人会喜欢的女主角。” 事实证明她很有先见之明。 小说中的爱玛总是干涉他人的爱情 ——她自认为是一名了不起的媒人,但在书中,她的计划最后总是一团糟,令人恼火。



She’s nosy, smug, and even jealous of other people’s achievements. And yet, there’s something winning about Emma’s personality and her sense of determination and idealism, and against all reason you find yourself rooting for her, and her own romantic success, by the novel’s end. It’s testament to Austen’s genius that Emma is so real, so annoying, and so damn likeable despite it all.

她好管闲事、自以为是又对别人的成就嫉妒不已。 然而,在爱玛的个性、决心和她的理想主义中,有一些迷人的地方,以至于在小说结束之时,你竟发现自己毫无理由地站在了她的一边,还为她的爱情修成正果而欢欣鼓舞。这就是奥斯汀的天才:爱玛是如此地真实又讨人嫌,却又如此招人喜欢。


来欣赏1996版《爱玛》中的片段:


https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=l0012qojq76&width=500&height=375&auto=0


除了这些令人难忘的人物,简·奥斯汀还留下了大量经典的句子。


用现代眼光来看,她真算得上是鸡汤界的教母了。所以粉丝们因为印在纸币上的话而争论不休也是可以理解的了……


她在200多年前,写出的对爱情、生活和自我的理解,如今仍然值得回味、品读。




最后,双语君(微信ID:Chinadaily_Mobile)就带大家一起读读这些冒着粉红色泡泡、十分有道理的话。


关于爱情和婚姻

There is no charm equal to tenderness of heart.

心灵的柔软是最大的魅力。


——《爱玛》(Emma


If I loved you less, I might be able to talk about it more. 

如果我爱你少一点,说不定还能多表达一点。


——《爱玛》(Emma


To you I shall say, as I have often said before, do not be in a hurry, the right man will come at last.

我要和你说,就像我以前常说的,不要着急,对的人终究会来。


——《简·奥斯汀书信集》(Jane Austen's Letters


A lady's imagination is very rapid; it jumps from admiration to love, from love to matrimony in a moment.

女人的思维很有跳跃性:从仰慕到爱慕,从爱慕到结婚都是一眨眼间的事。


——《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice


It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.

一个富有的单身汉必得讨个老婆,这是放诸四海皆准的事实。


——《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice


Happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance.

幸福的婚姻都是靠碰运气。


——《傲慢与偏见》Pride and Prejudice


Perhaps it is our imperfections that make us so perfect for one another.

也许正是因为我们的不完美,才让彼此成了绝配。


——《爱玛》(Emma


The more I know of the world, the more I am convinced that I shall never see a man whom I can really love. I require so much! 

我对这个世界了解越多,我就越发坚信自己永远都不会遇到一个我真正可以去爱的人。我想要的太多了!


——《理智与情感》(Sense and Sensibility


关于友情

My idea of good company...is the company of clever, well-informed people, who have a great deal of conversation; that is what I call good company.

我心目中的好伙伴,应该是些聪明人,见多识广,能说会道。


——《劝导》(Persuasion


Friendship is certainly the finest balm for the pangs of disappointed love.

友谊确实是治愈情伤的良药。


——《诺桑觉寺》(Northanger Abbey


There is nothing I would not do for those who are really my friends. I have no notion of loving people by halves, it is not my nature.

我愿意为那些真正的朋友倾尽所有。我不会半心半意关爱他人,那不是我。


——《诺桑觉寺》(Northanger Abbey


There are people, who the more you do for them, the less they will do for themselves.

有些人,你为他们做的越多,他们自己做的就越少。


——《爱玛》Emma


关于自我认知

It is very often nothing but our own vanity that deceives us.

我们往往会被自己的虚荣心哄骗蒙蔽。


——《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice


I always deserve the best treatment because I never put up with any other.

我总是值得最好的,因为我从不屈就。


——《爱玛》Emma


You must be the best judge of your own happiness.

自己幸不幸福,你才是最佳裁判。


——《爱玛》Emma


关于人生

None of us want to be in calm waters all our lives.

没有人愿意终其一生都风平浪静。


——《劝导》(Persuasion


Surprises are foolish things. The pleasure is not enhanced, and the inconvenience is often considerable.

惊喜都是愚蠢的。快乐没有增加,通常麻烦倒是不少。


——《爱玛》(Emma


A large income is the best recipe for happiness I ever heard of.

我所知道最有效的幸福秘方就是“赚大钱”。


——《曼斯菲尔德庄园》(Mansfield Park


What is right to be done cannot be done too soon.

越该做的事,就越急不得。


——《爱玛》(Emma


Life seems but a quick succession of busy nothings.

生活就是一连串的无事忙。


——《曼斯菲尔德庄园》(Mansfield Park


关于读书

The person, be it gentleman or lady, who has not pleasure in a good novel, must be intolerably stupid.

不管是男士还是女士,如果读优秀小说时都感受不到快乐,那他或她一定是蠢得不可救药。


——《诺桑觉寺》(Northanger Abbey


I have been used to consider poetry as the food of love.

我曾常常把诗歌当作爱的食粮。


——《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice


For my own part, if a book is well written, I always find it too short.

于我而言,如果一本书写得很精彩,那我总嫌它太短了。


——《诺桑觉寺》(Northanger Abbey


编辑:左卓 唐晓敏

实习编辑:李雪晴

实习生:许凤琪





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